Gas-turbine.



No. 887,627. PATENTED MAY 12,1908.

L. A. HAINES.

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 27. 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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' 1 E E f E1 E lf: 'J6 El 'UHW L" B J I U i M5257@ 5666, /zyezz 2(0)TZ/@wak @M/neu wx fw hwg@ No. 887,627. PATENTED MAY 12, 1908. L. A.HAINES".

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION PTLED PEB.27. 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 GAS TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED 11513.27. 190s.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 887,627. PATBNTED MAY12Q1908.

L. A. HAINES.

GAS TURBINE,

APPLICATION P1LBDrBB.27.19o.

5 SHEETS-SHBET 4.

20% zedd PATENTED MAY 12, 1908. L. A. HAIINES.

GAS TURB'IVNE. APPLIOATION FILED HEB. 27. 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED sTATns PATENT onirica.

LEWIS A. HAINES, OF )'IOUNT VERNON, filllt), SSIUNOR Ol" (.)Nl-IVOURTII'Hi WILLIAM T. AGERTER, ONE-FOURTH T() `lR-\ I. ('AlivlS, AND ONE-FOURTHT() A lt'llllfl 1,. WHITE,

OF LIMA, OHIO.

GAS-TURBINE.

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, LEwIs A. HAiNns, a citizen of the United States,residing at Mount Vernon, in the county of Knox and State of Ohio, haveinvented new and useful Im rovements in Gas-Turbines, of which the folowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a gas turbine, and the primary object of thesame is toequalize the end thrust of the turbine shaft by loeating theturbine between two feeding or pressure chambers vfor receiving theenergy of the ignited gas, and also by locating the exhaust chamberbetween the turbines to commonly receive the pressure medium after ithas fully completed its work with respect to the turbines.

A further object of the invention is to prevent any of the ignitedcharges from returning into the pump cylinders and prevent the gas `fromthe mixing chambers from flowing freelyT into the pumps and to reducethe friction ,of the pumps to a minimum.

A further object of the invention is to fully inelose or incase theworking parts, passages, and chambers with a cooling medium or water jaclict means in which a thorough circulation of water is maintained,with obvious advantages in the structural durability ol' the turbine asa whole and increased ell'icieney in the operation of the severalmovable parts.

A still further object of the invention is to simplify the organizationof gas turbines or motors, and increase the power thereof withinminimized proportions and reduce the expense of maintenance, render theseveral parts practically noiseless in their operation, and embody in acomplete motor structure a duplex organization practically similar inconstruction in all its details and whereby corresponding pumps of thetwo sets on opposite sides of the turbine on the same side ol the shaftand in the same axial plane operate in alternation to compress powerfluid and set up a power generating operation with respect to theturbine shaft such that the lattcihwiil have an uniinpeded or regularrotation.

In its broadest sense, the invention embodies a plurality of pumpdevices having means for supplying gas thereto7 akleeding chamber,'ignition chambers br tween -the feeding chamber and pump devices, andhaving communication with both of the latter, a turbine, andautomatically operating means Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 27. 1906.

Patented May 12, 1908.

Serial No. 303,231'.

in the ignition chambers for admitting the charge of gas to the latterl'rom the pump devices, slmtting oi'l` communication with the pumpdevices, and opening`communication ietween the mixing cnamber and thereceiving chamber after explosion oi the charge in the said ignitionchamber. The gas is admitted from the pumps or pump devices into theignition chambers when the feeding chamber is sluit oil', andcomnnmication between theI ignition ehambcrs and pumps is shut oil' justprior to the explosion in the said ignition chambers and the receivingchamber opened to the ignition chamber subsequent to suoli explosion, sothat when the turbine receives or is actuated by the exploded energy orpressure medium in tlul feeding chamber, the pumps and ignition chambersare. con'ipletely eut oll` from the said l'i-eding chamber. '.l`he pumpsdraw their' supply from the vmixing chamber and the latter is shut outfrom the pump cylinders just prior to the operatii'in of forcing thecharge oll gas into the ignition clmn'ibers, :md when thil explosiontakes place in the latter chambers the pumps are cut out fromcommuniratiou therewith as well as the feeding chamber, the said feedingchamber being afterward opened up to the ignition chan'iber, und duringa time when th(` pumps are still cut oil l'rom commun' :ation with theignition clnu'nhers.` ln the drawings, Figure l is :L side elevntion ol'a turbine or motor embodying the l'eatures of the invention and showinga portion of the easing removed. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal verticalsection of the same. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4 is a section outhe line 4--4-- Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a. detail view of one ol the cams l'oractuating the valve mechanism in the ignitionchamber. Fig. (i is adetail sectional view, particularly showing the discharge vvalve andbushing in detail. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the bottom of oneol' thecylinder heads. Fig. S is a top plan view of one ol' the pump cylinders.Fig. 9 is a detail elevation ol' one ot the feeding chambers.

Similar characters ol' reference are employed to iiulieate correspondingparts in the several views.

l`he numeral l designates a suitable shaft, from which. motion may betransmitted to any suitable mechanism desired to he driven or actuatedby the improved turbine or motor. lhe turbine or motor is or duplexconstruction, or has operating with the Shaft 1 two"scts on oppositesides of the turbine onv two sets of pumps, mixing chambers, ignitionchambers, receiving chambers, and two turbines, and in the followingdescription one set of pumps and relatively cooperating devices, as atA, will be particularly referred to solely, as they are in every respectsimilar to the remaining set of pumps and cooperating devices B. Thecorresponding pumps of the the same side of the shaft and in the sameaxial plane operate in alternation to compress power fluid to give theshaft 1 a regular or steady rotary movement.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 4, 1v nich is a transverse verticalsection through thc set A of the pump devices and coperatin elements, acylinder frame 2 'is shown for giving support and proper assemblage to aplurality of cylinders 3 arranged in radial relation in the said frameand having heads 4. Within the cylinders arc pistons 5 suitably packedand formed with central recesses 6 opening through the inner endsthereof.

Movably attached to the pistons .5 within the recesses 6 are the outerends of connecting rods 7, one of said rods, as at 7a, havin(r aparticular constructin and function difiering from the remaining rods,which will be presently stated. The inner ends of the connecting rods 7are movably attached to an eccentric strap S, which is arranged incopcrative relation to an eccentric 9 secured on the shaft 1. lhe innerend of the connecting rod 7l is fixed to the eccentric strap 8, as at10, and serves as a supporting leg as well as a reciprocating connectingrod, and its particular function is to maintain the eccentric strap inproper operative relation with respect .to tlul V-onnecting rods 7,which are movably attached at their inner ends to said strap. The

utilization of the connecting rod 7a as a supporting leg is an essentialdetail feature of construction, not only by reason of the fact that itperforms a double service, but matcrially minimizes the contributoryelements of the motor organization in dispensing with additionalfeatures to hold the eccentric strap in proper position and to maintaina regularity of movement thereof. As shown in the accompanying drawings,six pumps are employed for indrawing or feeding the gas to the motor,but this number may be modified, and furthermore, instead of eml, lo ying-an eccentricstrap to actuate the conncctin rods 7 and pistons 5, thewell known equivalent therefor consisting of a crank shaft g* besubstituted, without in the least modifying the essential features ofconstruction or the operation of the pump devices.

The construction of each cylinder 3 and its head 4 is clearly shown byFigs. 2, 7, Aand 8, and embodies a bore 11 for the piston 5 thereof, abore 12 for thc; valve' mechanism or device cooperating with theignition chamber, and elongated water inlets 13 for the cylinder heads.The heads 4 are each formed with a projection 14 over which the lowerend of the cylinder 3 is fitted, a continuation of the bore 12 in thebody of the cylinder, as at 15, and water inlets 16. The body of eachcylinder is surrounded by a cooling or water receiving chamber orcavity, as at 17, Fig. 8, and shown by dotted lines, and the head 4 hasa water space 18 in communication with the inlets 16. ln the center ofthe prpjection 14 a valve seat 19 is formed to receive a valve 20,having an outwardly exg tending stem 21, projecting into a cap 22, whichcontains a spring 23 surrounding the said stem and operating to draw orclose the valve 20 against the seat 19.

Extending outwardly through the sideportion of the head is a gas inletport 24, which has communication with an annular Amixing chamber 25'surrounding the end of the motor or turbine, and has a gas supqly pipe26 communicatinor therewith' and running from any suitable source orsupply. rlhis pipe 26 branches in opposite directions and connects withthe mixing chambersA at opposite ends of the motor or turbine, and atits intermediate ortion a suitable controlling valve 27 wil be locatedto regulate the supply of gas in accordance with the speed of the motorand with which .may be used any suitable formof governor, so as to avoiddissipation of the energy or excessive feed at times when the motor doesnot require a rapid supply, or when, by continued operation, there maybe stored in the turbine feeding chambers, which will be more fullyhereinafter explained, enough pressure to maintain the requisite ornormal speed of the turbine. Each head 4 also has a gas outlet port 2Sconnnunicating with thc cylimler, including in its organization the saidhead at one side of thc center or of the position of the valve 20, thcsaid port 2S also leading into an ignition chamber 29 formed in part andmainly by the cylinder and head construction just explained and providedwith a surrounding casing 30, adapted to have electric spark plugs,diagrammatically shown at 31, and which may be of any preferred form toignite the gas after compression in the ignition chamber. The ignitionchambers are similar in number to the pump devices and have.communication with 'the latter. Within each ignition chamber' andcoperating with each pump device, is a combined' controlling valve andcompression piston en 34 embracing the cam 82.

-cludes a valve stem plunger 33, having an inner bifurcated or slottedend 34 in which is dis osed a roller 35, the bifurcated or slotted Onthe outer end of the plunger 83 a combined valve and l compressionpiston 36 is secured` and has inlet and outlet ports 37 and 38 locatedin opposite portions thereof, the port 37 being ada ted to coincide withthe outletport 28 in t 1e head4 of the adjacent pump cylinder. Asuitable casing 39 surrounds this combined valve piston mechanism, andfitted in the inner extremity of said casing is a bushing 40, forholding a spring 41, which engages a shouldered )ortion 42 of the valvestem plunger 33 and tllie inner head 43. This spring 41 operates tothrow the valve stem plunger 33 inwardly .to preserve a propercooperation thereof with the cam 32, and the latter, by itsconstruction, which will be presently specifically described, forces thecombined valve and piston 36 outwardly under certain conditions and atproper times.

Surrounding the motor close to the igni-i tion chambers and incommunication with the latter, is a feeding chamber 44, which may alsobe properly termed a pressure chamber, one of these pressure chambersbeing used with eac'h set of pump devices A and B and the cooperatingparts just explained in connection with the set of pump devices A. Theform of this feeding or pressure chamber is illustrated in detail byleid. 9, and has, at intervals, a plurality of inlet ports 45, incommunication with the discharge ports of the ignition and compressionchambers 2Q and adapted to be placed in communication with the latterthrough the medium of the port 3S of the. combined. valve and piston 36.It will be observed from Fig. 2, that the inlet p ort 45 and dischargeport communicating therewith and leading to' the ignition chamber arelocated a greater distance from the center of the turbine than thedischarge port 28 in the head of the pump cylinder, and whichestablishes communication between the said cylinder and the ignitionchamber. This disposition of the ports, as just specified, is toaccomplish a communication be- Atween the pump cylinder and the ignitionchambers and between the feedingor pressure chamber 44 and the latterchambers at d iil'erent intervals. The inner side or portion of thefeeding chamber 44 has suitable outlet ports or egress openings 4G,disposed at augles to the blades or buckets of a turbine 47 secured tothe shaft l and having close position witlnrcspect to the said feedingor pressure chamber 44. Each of the turbines, there being two, as shown,is composed of stages, as will be readily understood, the central stagebeing fixed in the shell 48, and the outer stages revolving around saidcenter stage so that the pressure first strikes the revolving blades orbuckets and then impacts through the hub of the tl'irbine.

against the stationary blades or buckets fixed in the casing, and fromthe latter blades or buckets it is guided to the next revolving stageol' blades or buckets. The blades or buckets of the several turbinestages will be so shaped and disposed as to beefl'ective in setting up arotary movement of the shaft 1 'lhe re may be as many stages used ineach turbine as the pressure 'may require, so as to use all the energyof gas before it reaches the exhaust chamber 4), wliich is locatedbetween the two turbines, and the latter' are hold in opposing positionsat the center ofthe motor, as clearly shown in the drawings, andparticula'rly by F ig. l, wherein a part of thcturthe gas, afterreaching the exhaust chamber 4Q, will have been utilized, there will beno noise attending the discharge of tlu` exhaust gas. Surrouin'ling thefeeding or pressure chamber 44 are water spaces 5l and the turbine shellor inclosurc also includes a water jacket 52, both the water spaces 51and 52 and all the water spaces heretofore described being incommunication through the medium of su pplyinlets in one part withrespect to the other.

At this point attention is called to Fig. 4 which clearly shows waterpockets 53 between thecylinders 3 and having cmmnunication with theinside of the pump frames through the medium of inlets 54 and with thecylinder heads 4 by inlets 55. The pockets 53 are supplied with waterthrough the me dium ol" pipes 56, having communication with the waterjacket 57 common to and surrounding the feeding chambers, turbines, andexhaust chambers, and supplied by a suitable top inlet meansconnminicating with an inlet opening 58. At the lower portions ofopposite ends of the motor, and communicating with the water jacket ofthe mixing chambers 25, 'are outlet'. pipes 5l). The position of thepipes 56, or their relation to the central source of supply, iselearlyillustrated by Fig. 1, and it will be ui'rderstood that a con tinuouscirculation will be maintained to keep all the parts of' the motor cool,with advantages in the operation thereof and durability of the structuregenerally.

extent previous to the ignition and explosion thereof. As clearly shownby Figs. 2 and 5, and as heretofore set forth, the edge of the cam 32 isembraced by the inner ends of the entire series of plungeijs 33, andeach cam has a large diameter 60, or a portion of the periphery thereofin concentric relation to the shaft, the said portion being preciselyone half the circuinrerential Xtent of the cani. At one extremity, thisconcentric peripheral portion 60 merges into a drop 6l, which is alsocontinuous with the lowest portion of the cam, as at 62, and this lowestportion of the cam, which is also concentric with relation to 'the shaftl, continues into a slight rise 63 running into acurved portion 64,having a greater diameter than the lowest portion of the cam 62, and thesaid portion 64 likewise continues regularly into a straight ledge 65ruiming into the terminal of the large concentric ortion of the camopposite to the location o i the drop 6] The motor is completelyenveloped in a shell or inclosurc, and the parts of said shell areconnected by suitable bolts, As shown by Fig. 2, the blades or bucketsof the turbine are carried by a hub 66 made in two pieces and. heldtogether by through-bolts 67, and other suitable bolts will be employedin connec ting the several chambers as well as the *Jump devices inoperative relation. The shaft 1 is also provided with and engages thrustglands 68 to take up end play, and it is proposedto have the inner endsof these glands contact with hard metal rings or wear washers 69 securedon the shaft against shoulders, as at 70, the said hard metal rings orwashers 69 revolving with the shaft and obviating wear on the latter byendwise contact therewith of the inner terminals of the glands. .l

lnpperation, the several pump devices have a reciprocating motionimparted to the pistons 5 t rough the-actuation of the con-- nectingrods '7 and .7a when the eccentric 9 revolves. rlhe eccentric is sopositioned with respect to the pump devices that the several pistons 5have a regular indrawing and outward forcing operation with res ect tothe gas delivered to the mixing cham )ers 25, and each piston on itsinward stroke, draws the gas from its mixing chamber 25 y through the'mlm port 24 by opening the valve 2O inwardly against the resistance ofthe spring 23 vengaging the stem of said valve. After the iston hasreached the inner limit of its stro e, it immediately commences to moveoutwardly, allowing the valve 2() to close, and at this time thecombined valve and piston 36 will be in engagement with the startingpoint of the enlarged diametrical portion 6() of the cam 32, and theport 37 will coincide with the port 28, thus permitting the, gas fromthe pump cylinder to be forced into the ignition chamber with which thesanear port 28 communicates, and the said ignition chamber and pum'cylinder remain in communication until t e stem or plun er 33 has passedover the low portion 62 o the cam and rises over the drop 6l on to thehighportion or concentric elongated edge 60 oi said cam, which forcesthe combined valve or piston outwardly and compresses the gas in theignition chamber, and during this traverse of the cam the port 38 alineswith the discharge of the ignition chamber and also with the port 45,but subsequent to theig'nition of the char e of gas in the ignitionchamber, and the rol er 34 then traverses the inclined straight edge 65,passes over the vmer ing edge 64, and again moves down to the ow portion62. Bythis operation, communication. between the ignition chamber andpump cylinder is shut ofi just prior to .the explosion, andcommunication between the ingition chamber andfeedingchamber 44 takesplace immediately subsequent to the eXplosion, ill of the eX loded gasleaving the ignition chamber an passing into the receiving chamber priorto a recommunication of the pump cylinder with the ignition chamber, sthat there is no back ressure or frictional resistance to overcome inthe pump cylinder, or disturbance of the constancy of pressure withinthc'feeding chamber. This operation will be carried on successively withthe entire series of umps and in alternation at opposite sid es ofthemotor, and it will be understood that if the pressure beciornesexcessive or more gas is supplied to the mixing chambei than need beutilized, the controlling A freely into the central er; aust chamber,and4 by this organization, together with the other features ofarrangement heretofore described, theend thrust of the turbine shaft isequal- 12e( The pumps are so arranged as to cause six explosions to eachrevolution of the eccentric, and this will kee up a continuous pressurein the feeding clliambers and, as before noted,` the number of pumps maybe varied in accordance with`the requirements of thev load.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is l. ln a gasturbine, the combination ofa plurality of radially arranged pumpsincluding piston devices, a mixing chamber common to said pumps andhaving communication therewith, ignition chambers also havingcommunication with the pumps, a feedingr cha mber in communication withthe ignition chambers, a turbine with which the feeding chamber hascommunication, the feeding chamber being between the ignition chambersand the turbine,and automatically operating valve means in the ignitionchambers having ports adapted to alternately coincide -with thecommunicating means between the pumps and the ignition chambers and thelatter andfeeding chamber.

2. A gas turbine having a plurality o fradially arranged pumps includingpiston devices, a mixing chamber having communication with the saidpumps, i nition chambers also in communication with t e pumps, afeed:ing chamber communicating with the ignition chambers, a turbine havingcommunication with the feeding chamber, automatically operating valvemeans `in the ignition chambers for admitting the charge of gas to thelatter from the pumps, shutting olf communication with the pumps, andopening communication between t ie ignition chambers and the feedingchamber after explosion of the charge in said lignition chambers, and asingle shaft for the pumps, valve means, and turbine.

3. A gas turbine having a plurality of radially arranged pumps, meansfor su plying gas to said pump devices, a feeding chamber, ignitionchambers communicatin with the pumps and disposed between tlgie feedingchamber and the pumps, the ignition chambers also having communicationwith the l'i-eding chamber, automatically o ,erating inechaiiisin in theignition chamy ers for alternately o iening communication between thelat ter andthe pump devices and the feeding chamber, a turbine devicearranged adj acent to the feeding chamber and communieating with thelatter, and a shaft for the turbine having the pumps and theautomaticall)r o ierating valve mechanism directly actuated thereby.

4. lii a gas turbine, the combination of a plurality of radiallyarranged pum s having radially disposed piston devices and)also providedwith means for supplying gas thereto, a turbine. shaft around which t iepumps are disposed, a feeding chamber, ignition chambers between thefeeding ch amber and puin s and having communication with both of t ielatter, automatically operating mechanism directly actuated by the saidshaft and disposed mainly within the ignition chambers and provided withmeans for alternately setting up communication between the ignitionchambers and pumps and the feeding chamber, the gas being admitted fromthe pumps into the ignition chambers when the feeding cham-ber is shutofl' and communication between the ignition chambers and )uinps be-- ingshut olf just prior to the ex )lesion and the feeding `chamber open totie ignition chambers subsequent to such explosion, and a turbine foroperating said shaft and with which the feeding chamber hascommunication. l

5. In a fras4 turbine havin a plurality of pumps with radially arrangepiston devices and provided with means for supplying gas thereto, ashaft around which the said unips are disposed and having the pistonevices connected thereto, feeding chambers, a turbine arranged adjacentto and having coinniunicationwith the feedinr chambers and actuating thesaid shaft, and` ignition chambers inter osed between the feedingchambers and t e puinps and having communication with the latter, theignition chambers being provided with automaticall o erating mechanismactuated by the said s ia t for admitting the fas thereto from the pum sand shutting off ttlie pumps prior to the expllosion, communicationbetweenthe ignition chambers and the feeding chambers being openedsubsequent to the explosion.

6. In a as turbine, the combination with a shaft, e centrally locatedturbine means on the shaft for operating the latter, a plurality ofradially `arranged pump devices on opposite sides of the turbine means`and having radially arranged piston devices connected to said shaft andprovided with a gas feed,

feeding mechanism adjacent to and communicatingwith the oppositesidesofthe turbine means, and ignition mechanism inter osed between the feedingmechanism an( the pumps and communicating with the latter and the saidfeeding mechanism, the ignition mechanism being provided withautomatically operating mechanism directly actuated by the said shaftfor alternately opening and closing the' same with respect to the pumpsand the feeding chambers.

7. In a gas turbine, the combination with a shaft, of turbine devices onthe said shaft, a central exhaust chamber between the turbine devicesand common to the latter, a plurality of concentrically arranged pumpsdisposed on opposite sides of the turbine devices and having radiallydisposed piston means connected to the shaft, feeding chainbers, andignition chambers inte )osed between the feeding chambers and t e pumpsand provided with meansl directly actuated by .the said shaft forautomatically opening and closing communication between the said feedingchambers and ignition chambers, the )umps being .irovided with means forsupp ying gas to tlie ignition chambers and operating on opposite sidesof the turbine to continuously actuate the shaft.

S. rlhe combination with 'a shaft, of a pair of turbines thereon havingcommon exhaust means between them, pump devices arranged on the outersides of the turbines and operating to supply the latter with a motiveagent and having piston means connected to and operating in sets on thesame side of the shaft and in the same axial plane in alternation tocompress power fluid and rotate the said shaft, and ignition chambersinterposed between the pumps and the turbines and having piston devicesconnected to and Operated by the said shaft and having communicationwith the said pumps and turbines.

9. The combination .with la shaft, of turbines thereon, an exhaustchamber located 'between the inner portions of the turbines and commonto the latter, means for receiving and controlling the explosion of thepower fluid, and concentrically arranged pump means disposed in oppositesets in operative relation to the outer portions of the turbines andhaving piston devices connected to and operated by the said shaft,corresponding umps of the two sets on opposite sides of t ie turbines onthesame side of the shaft and in the same axial plane operating inalternation to compress power fluid and supply the turbines with thesame fluid.

10. In a gas turbine, of the class set forth, a plurality of radiallyarranged pumps having radially disposed piston devices, a shaft commonto all of the piston devices of the pumps, ignition chamberscommunicating with the pumps, a feeding chamber in communication withthe ignition chambers, a turbine communicating with the feeding chamber,means in the ignition chambers for automatically .controllingcommunication between the same and the pumps and the feeding chamber,and a water jacket enveloping all of the said parts and having an inletat the upper portion of the turbine and an outlet at one end.

11, In a gas turbine, the combination of a plurality of radiallyYarranged pumps for maintaining a supply of gas, the pumps being providedwith pistons having oscillating piston rods connected thereto, a shaftaround which the pumps are arranged and carrying operating means for thepiston rods, one of the iston rods-being in the form of a holding egwhich is fixed at one extremity to said. o erating means, mixingchambers for supp ying a motive agent to the said pumps, ignitionchambers comniunicating with the pumps, and a turbine on the shaftreceivirlgr the motive agent from the ignition chambers, the turbinedirectly actuating the shaft and through the latter also actuating thesaid piston rods.

12. The combination with a shaft,-of two turbines thereon, an exhaustcham ber located -between the inner portions of the turbines and commonto both of the latter, pressure feeding chambers adjacent to the outerportions of andl having communication with the turbines, means forcontrolling the supply of the pressure medium to the saidyfeedingchambers, and a plurality of concentrically arranged radiallydisposed pump devices having piston means arranged around and connectedto the said shaft for initially regulating the suppl of the pressuremedium to the said contro ling means.`

13. The combination with a shaft, of two turbines thereon, an exhaustchamber located between the inner portions of the turbines and common toboth of the latter, feeding chambers adjacent to and communicating withthe outer portions of the turbines, a plurality of radially arrangedpump devices arranged at opposite extremities of the complete device andhaving piston means connected to the shaft, and ignition chambersbetween the pump devices and the feeding chambers, the ignition chamberscommunieating with the pump devices and the feeding chambers alternatelyat timed intervals.

14. The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feedingchamber conimunicating'with the turbine, ignition chambers communicatingwith the feeding chamber, a combined valve and piston means working inthe ignition chambers, and a plurality 0f radially disposed pump deviceshaving piston means connected to the said shaft, the combined valve andpiston means Jerking in the ignition chambers being operated by theshaft to alternately open and close communication between said ignitionchambers and the pump devicesand the feeding chamber. l

'15, The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feedingchamber adjacent to and communicating with the turbine, a

lurality of radially arranged pump devices liaving piston meanscooperating with the shaft, ignition chambers having communication withthe pump devices and located between the latter and the feeding chamber,and. combined valve and piston means reciproc'atingly mounted in theignition chambers and having ports therein in different positions foralternate registration with the communicating means between the ignitionchambers and the pump devices and the receiving chamber, said valvedevices operating to compress the gas in the ignition chainbers prior tothe explosion.

16. The combination with aashfft, turbine thereon, a feeding chamberadjacent to and communicating with the turbine, ignition chambers incommunication with the feeding chamber, outer mixing chambers, pumpdevices having cylinders with heads communicating with the ignitionchambersand the mixing chambers and also provided with valves, the pumpdevices being arranged around and having piston means connected to thesaid shaft, and an exhaust chamber located close to the inner portion of17. in a gas motor of the class set forth, f

the combination of a plurality of radially arranged pump devices havingpistons,

vsame and the feeding chamber and pump devices, the said reciprocatingmeans being directly operated by the shaft carrying the j turbine.

18. The combination with a shaft, of tui'- bines thereon, an exhaustchamber located between the inner portions of the turbines and common toboth of the latter, feeding chambers adjacent to and communicating withthe outer portions of the turbines, pump devices radially disposed inoperative relation to the outer portions of the turbines, ignitionchambers 'between the pump devices and feeding chambers, water jacketsoperatively engaging the pump devices and the chambers and havingcommunication through the entire structure thereof, a connection forsupplying water to the jackets located at the upper portions ol' thelatter, and means for withdrawing water from the ends of the lowerportions of the jacket-s.

1). The combination with a shaft, of turbines thereon, feeding chamberscommunicating with the outer portions of the turbines, ignition'chambers having communication with the feeding chambers, an exhaustchamber between the turbines and common to the latter, pump devicescomprising cylinders and heads in communication with the ignitionchambers, water jaclets between the cylinders of the Vminp devices andcontinued into the heads, water jacket means operatively engaging thechambers, pipe conduits connecting the water jacliets between thecylinders and the water jacket means engaging the chambers, and meansfor supplying and relieving the water jacket organil zation.

20. The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feedingchamber adjacent to and communicating with the outer portion of theturbine, ignition chambers communicating with the feeding chamber,radially arranged pump devices 'having piston andy valve means andcommunicating with the ignition chambers, the pistons by their operationautomatically controlling the indrawing of the gas and the forcing ofthe gas into the ignition chambers, and mechanism operatingin theignition chambers for compressing the gas therein and automaticallyopening and closing communication be- 21. In a motor of the class setforth, the y combination of turbine devices having an exhaust chain-berlocated between the inner portions thereof and common to both, feedingvchambers adjacent to and communicating with the outer portions ofthe turbines, a single shaft common to both turbines, and devicescooperating with the feeding chambers arranged around and actuated bythe said single shaft for controlling the ignition and supply ofpressure medium to the. turbine devices and to prevent the'motive mediumat the. time of its ignition from passing into the feeding chambers.

22. The combination with a shaft, of a tui'- bine thereon, ignitionchambers, a feeding chamber between the ignition chambers and turbine,the said chambers having communication with each other, means arrangedaround the shaft for su )plying a motive agent to the ignition cham ers,a cani on the shaft, and reciprocating spring. actuated valve devicesradially arranged about the shaft and working vin the ignition chambersto alternately open and close communication between said latterelements, and the feeding chamber and the means for supplying the motiveagent, the said valve devices also operating as pistons to com iress themotive agent in the ignition cham ers prior 'to the ignition of saidagent.

23. The combination with a shaft, of a turbine thereon, a feedingchamber communicating with the'outer-portion of the turbine, ignitionchambers having communication lwith the feeding chamber, means forcontrolling and delivering a supply of motive agent under pressure tothe ignition chambers, and means in the ignition chambers forcompressing the motive agent prior to therexplosion thereof, and alsofor controlling communication between the mea/ns for supplying themotive agent and the ignition chambers, and the latter elements and thefeeding chamber, the said compressing and controlhiig means in theignition chambers and the means for controlling the supply of motiveagent under ressure being arranged around ind actuate by the shaftcarrying the turine.

1n testimony whereof I have hereunto ,s et

my hand in presence of twesubscribing witnesses.

LEWIS A. HAINES. Witnesses:

' I. W.`GREEN,

H. M. Asii'roN.

